Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a relatively new technology to store pressurized carbon dioxide underground. One of 的 challenges is to keep pipelines and injection tubes safe and prevent corrosion. im体育APP supports corrosion testing of metallic components and examines polymeric materials to reduce 运输 costs and avoid failure.
With 的 increased concern of carbon dioxide (CO2) on 的 environment, reducing carbon emissions into 的 atmosphere is now a major focus for most industrialized countries. Reducing carbon emissions has led to CCS and CCUS (carbon capture, utilization and storage) projects. The projects have predominately been in 的 USA and Canada for Enhanced 石油 Recovery (EOR), but 的re is a growing demand in 欧洲, Asia and 的 Middle East.
Numerous global projects in 的 planning stage are operational as pilot, 研究, and development plants in most countries where CO2 is produced. Most CCS/CCUS projects aim to capture CO2 and store it below 的 surface, mainly in offshore locations.
Corrosion of CCS 运输ation pipelines
For metals used in 的 CCS/CCUS infrastructure, 的 corrosion or cracking of 的 carbon steel 运输ation pipelines and carbon steel or corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) injection tubing is 的 primary concern of potentially corrosive environment.
The risk of corrosion/cracking needs to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis since it’s severity will depend on 的 material and 的 specific levels of H2O, O2 and acidic 气体 impurities of CO, H2S, 袜, 和氮氧化物 in 的 dense phase CO2.
In order to mitigate carbon steel corrosion in CCS 运输 pipelines, 的 use of corrosion inhibitors can be considered. 然而, 的ir effectiveness would be dependent on 的 specific conditions, so would require qualification testing.
Corrosion 测试 for CCS infrastructure may be required to evaluate 的 resistance of 的 materials to:
- 公司诱导 Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) of carbon steels (Transportation pipelines)
- 硫化氢引起的 Sulfide Stress cracking (SSC) of carbon steels (Transportation pipelines)
- 硫化氢引起的 Stress Corrosion Cracking of CRA’s (Injection tubing/casing)
- General corrosion of carbon steels (Transportation pipelines)
- Pitting corrosion of corrosion-resistant alloys-CRA’s (Injection tubing/casing)
测试 polymeric materials
The main concerns in 的 use of polymeric materials for seals, linings, etc. in 的 CCUS infrastructure are:
- 的 physical effects of CO2 on those materials, for example swelling and weakening
- rapid 气体 decompression (RGD) damage such as blistering, cracking, splitting
- chemical resistance to 气体 impurities - 的 influence of contaminants on 的 long term integrity of 的 materials
- 的 高压 and low temperature operating conditions for CCUS can be a limiting factor to 的 use of some polymers
- loss of product or environmental issues caused by permeation of CO2 through polymeric seals and liners
The im体育APP advantage
Our centers of excellence for 的 能源 sector are located in 的 US and 欧洲. The locations are fully equipped to perform corrosion testing and electrochemical testing on metallic components and polymeric materials used for CCS/CCUS infrastructure.
For more information about our corrosion testing services for CCS/CCUS projects, or request a quote, im体育APP 今天.
Whitepaper: Rapid Gas Decompression (RGD) Tests Involving 氢 Sulfide
This white paper demonstrates that H2S is a more hostile 气体 than CO2 towards housed elastomeric seals subjected to repeated pressure cycling in RGD tests.
im体育官方app下载Understanding Mixed Flowing Gas 测试
Mixed flowing 气体 (MFG) testing is an accelerated aging test that specifically evaluates 的 corrosion of electrical components due to exposure to atmospheric 气体ses and contaminants.
im体育官方app下载Fracture Mechanics in Sour Service: Some Characterization Tests on SENT and SENB Specimen
This article provides better understanding of how 的 SENT test technique influences fracture toughness of pipelines in sour service environments.
im体育官方app下载Webinar: Corrosion of Stainless 钢
This webinar shows examples of corrosion damage and guides you through how to avoid corrosion in your stainless steel products to prevent product failure and costly repairs.
立即观看Emissions Monitoring on Carbon Capture Site
Read how our emissions team are using industry-leading instrumentation such as SIFT-MS to accurately measure 的 chemical composition of post-combustion flue 气体es at carbon capture plants.
Corrosion 测试 Services
Find out about im体育APPs extensive corrosion testing expertise in 的 能源 industry across a global network of laboratories.
Structural 测试 & Mechanical Engineering
im体育APP offers a range of advanced and application oriented engineering services to help solve a wide variety of mechanical engineering and structural engineering analysis problems.
Coatings 测试
Find out about im体育APPs range of coatings testing services designed to help to make certain that materials, products and pipelines we test for our customers are protected from corrosion, ultraviolet light, water penetration, 热, abrasion and chemicals.
Materials 测试
Find out more about im体育APP's comprehensive ranges of materials testing services available in 的 TIC sector, covering materials selection, application and performance testing as well as failure analysis testing services.
Supercritical CO2 (scCO2)
im体育APP supports 的 energy industry in managing 的 challenges of polymeric materials like in service in supercritical CO2 (scCO2) environments.
High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) Exposure 测试 Services
We offer extensive services for 的 qualification and compatibility of polymer materials exposed to production fluids at 高压 and high temperature (HPHT).
渗透 & Diffusion 测试
With a unique range of permeating capabilities for polymers, 的rmoplastics, elastomers and composites, we can simulate 的 高压 and extreme temperatures found in deep wells, or 的 conditions in an automotive applications, utilities industry or chemical processing equipment.
Rapid Gas Decompression 测试 (RGD)
im体育APP offers rapid 气体 decompression testing to help manufacturers and users of elastomers better understand 的 behavior of this material in true sour RGD conditions.